|
| }} | | admin_center_type = Headquarters | admin_center = Vienna, Austria | languages_type = Official language | languages = English | leader_title1 = President | leader_name1 = Diezani Alison-Madueke | leader_title2 = Secretary General | leader_name2 = Abdallah el-Badri | established = Baghdad, Iraq | established_event1 = Statute | established_date1 = 10–14 September 1960 | established_event2 = in effect | established_date2 = January 1961 | area_magnitude = 1 E12 | area_km2 = 13773977 | area_sq_mi = | population_estimate = 627,514,359 | population_density_km2 = | currency = | official_website = (www.OPEC.org ) }} Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC, ), is an international organization headquartered in Vienna, Austria. OPEC was established in Baghdad, Iraq on 10–14 September 1960. The formation of OPEC represented a collective act of sovereignty by oil exporting nations, and marked a turning point in state control over natural resources.〔 OPEC was formed when the international oil market was largely dominated by a group of multinational companies known as the 'seven sisters'.〔 In the 1960s OPEC ensured that oil companies could not unilaterally cut prices.〔 OPEC's mandate is to "coordinate and unify the petroleum policies" of its members and to "ensure the stabilization of oil markets in order to secure an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers, and a fair return on capital for those investing in the petroleum industry."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Our Mission )〕 OPEC has thirteen members: Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela.〔 According to the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA), OPEC crude oil production is an important factor affecting global oil prices. OPEC sets production targets for its member nations and generally, when OPEC production targets are reduced, oil prices increase. Projections of changes in Saudi production result in changes in the price of benchmark crude oils.〔 In December 2014, OPEC and the oil men were named in the top 10 most influential people in the shipping industry by Lloyd's.〔http://www.lloydslist.com/ll/news/top100/article453573.ece〕 ==Decision making== The OPEC Conference is the supreme authority of the Organization, and consists of delegations normally headed by the Ministers of Oil, Mines and Energy of member Countries. The Conference usually meets twice a year (in March and September) and in extraordinary sessions whenever required. It operates on the principle of unanimity, and one member, one vote.〔http://www.eppo.go.th/inter/opec/OPEC-about.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「OPEC」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|